Mastering UK FLR Forms: Your Ultimate Guide to Visa Extensions

Are you looking to extend your stay in the UK? Navigating the complex world of Further Leave to Remain (FLR) forms can be daunting. In this ultimate guide, we will cover everything you need to know about the UK FLR IR, HR, and FP forms, their purposes, and eligibility criteria, as well as providing helpful tips to ensure a successful visa extension.

1. What is FLR visa in UK?

UK FLR Forms: Your Key to Visa Extensions

The term “FLR” in the context of UK visas refers to “Further Leave to Remain.” It’s a type of application you make from within the UK to extend your stay or to regularize your stay under a different type of visa category.

There are various FLR forms and categories, and the specific one you would need depends on your current circumstances and the basis on which you’re looking to remain in the UK. For instance:

1. FLR(M): For those seeking to remain in the UK as the partner or dependent child of someone who is already in the UK or who is on their way to the UK on a particular visa.
2. FLR(FP): For those applying on the basis of family life as a partner, parent, or dependent child or on the basis of private life in the UK.
3. FLR(IR): For certain categories of residency routes that aren’t covered by other FLR forms.

And there may be other FLR forms available based on specific circumstances or changes in immigration policy.

When applying for Further Leave to Remain, it’s essential to meet the requirements of the specific visa category, demonstrate that you’ve adhered to the terms of your current visa, and provide the necessary supporting documentation.

Differences between FLR Forms and other types of UK visas

• Initial visa applications: When an individual applies for their first UK visa from outside the UK, it is called an entry clearance application. These applications allow individuals to enter the UK under a specific immigration category, such as a student visa, work visa, or family visa.
• FLR applications: FLR applications are for individuals who are already in the UK on a temporary visa and wish to extend their stay or switch to a different immigration category. These applications do not grant initial entry into the UK but instead focus on extending the duration of the applicant’s stay or changing their immigration status.
• Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR): ILR is a type of permanent residence that allows individuals to live and work in the UK without any time restrictions. ILR applications are separate from FLR applications and have different eligibility criteria and requirements. For details on indefinite forms, please refer to ILR Application Forms Requirements.

2. Overview of FLR Forms

UK FLR Forms: An In-Depth Overview for UK Applications

a. FLR(IR)

FLR(IR) is the Further Leave to Remain (Immigration Rules) application form. It is used by individuals who wish to extend their stay in the UK under the same Immigration Rules category they initially entered. The form caters to several visa types, including Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 5 visas, among others. The FLR(IR) form is designed to assess the applicant’s eligibility for an extension based on the specific requirements of their current visa category.

b. FLR(HR)

FLR(HR) is the Further Leave to Remain (Human Rights) application form. It is designed for applicants who wish to extend their stay in the UK based on human rights grounds, such as the right to a family or private life, as protected by the European Convention on Human Rights. The FLR(HR) form requires applicants to provide comprehensive evidence of their human rights claims and demonstrate that their circumstances meet the necessary threshold for an extension on this basis.

c. FLR FP

FLR FP stands for Further Leave to Remain (Family/Private Life). This form is used by applicants who wish to extend their stay in the UK based on their family or private life. Applicants may use the FLR FP form when they have established relationships with British citizens, settled persons, or individuals with refugee or humanitarian protection status. The form requires applicants to provide evidence of their relationships, as well as demonstrate their ability to meet financial, accommodation, and other requirements to maintain their family or private life in the UK.

d. FLR(O)

FLR(O) stands for Further Leave to Remain (Other). In 2016 Form(O) was discontinued. This form was used by applicants who do not fall under the standard Immigration Rules categories, such as those applying based on compassionate or exceptional circumstances. FLR(O) applications were generally more complex and require extensive supporting evidence to demonstrate that the applicant’s circumstances warrant an extension of their stay in the UK.

3. FLR(IR) Application Forms

Eligible Routes: FLR(IR) Forms for extension of stay in the UK

FLR(IR) Application Form is required to be submitted for an extension of stay in the UK under any of the following categories:

1. Visitor Visa Extension (except transit, Approved Destination Status & Permitted Paid Engagements visitors)
2. Parent of Tier 4 (child) student
3. Domestic worker in a private household
4. UK ancestry
5. Domestic worker who is a victim of slavery or human trafficking
6. Dependant joiners who are applying separately from the main applicant – dependants of a person who has limited leave to enter or remain in the UK, not including dependents of a person with leave under the points-based system or dependants of a person in the UK with leave based on family or private life
7. Member of an Armed Force who is subject to immigration control (course F)
8. Relevant Civilian Employee
9. Locally engaged staff of a Diplomatic Mission
10. Dependant of a member of Armed Forces which are not HM Forces (dependants of a member of HM Forces should complete FLR(AF))
11. Retired person of independent means
12. Representative of an overseas business
13. Any Leave to Remain (that is included in the Immigration Rules) that is not covered by another form

a. Eligibility criteria for FLR(IR)

To qualify for an extension using the FLR(IR) form, applicants must meet the eligibility criteria specific to their visa category. These requirements vary depending on the visa type, such as Tier 1, Tier 2, or Tier 5. Generally, applicants must:

• Be in the UK on a valid visa that falls under the Immigration Rules
• Continue to meet the requirements of their current visa category
• Not have any criminal convictions or issues related to their character
• Provide evidence that they can support themselves and any dependents without recourse to public funds

Accordingly, to qualify for an extension of stay in the categories of the Immigration Rules for which form FLR(IR) is to be used, applicants must meet the requirements set out in the following parts of the Immigration Rules:

1. Visitors – Appendix V
2. Parent of a Tier 4 child – Part 7 of the Immigration Rules
3. Domestic Workers – Part 5 of the Immigration Rules
4. UK Ancestry – Part 5 of the Immigration Rules
5. Dependant joiners – Part 5 of the Immigration Rules
6. Relevant civilian employee – Appendix Armed Forces Part 9A
7. Member of Armed forces subject to immigration control – Appendix Armed Forces Part 9
8. Dependant of Armed Forces which are not HM Forces – Appendix Armed Forces Part 10
9. Retired person of independent means – Part 7 of the Immigration Rules
10. Representative of an overseas business – Part 5 of the Immigration Rules

b. Required documents for FLR(IR) application

The documents required for an FLR(IR) application will vary depending on the visa category. However, common documents include:

• A valid passport or travel document
• Evidence of current leave to remain, such as a biometric residence permit (BRP) or vignette in the passport
• Proof of financial maintenance, such as bank statements or payslips
• Proof of accommodation in the UK, such as a tenancy agreement or mortgage statement
• Any additional documents specific to the visa category, such as an employment contract or business documents

c. FLR(IR) fees and processing times

The fees for an FLR(IR) application depend on the specific visa category and the type of service selected (standard or priority). As of March 2023, standard applications for most FLR visa categories range from £1,033 to £1,878, while priority service fees are significantly higher. It is essential to check the Home Office website for the most up-to-date fees.

Processing times for FLR(IR) applications also vary. Standard applications typically take 8 weeks or longer, whereas priority applications are usually processed within 5 working days. However, complex cases or applications with missing documents may take longer.

d. Common reasons for FLR(IR) refusals and how to avoid them

Some common reasons for FLR(IR) application refusals include:

• Incomplete or incorrect applications: Ensure that you complete the application form accurately and provide all the required documents.
• Failure to meet financial requirements: Provide sufficient evidence of your financial resources, including bank statements, payslips, and other relevant documents.
• Insufficient evidence of a genuine relationship (for partner visas): For spouse visa extension submit evidence of your relationship, such as communication records, joint financial accounts, and photographs.
• Not meeting the English language requirement: Ensure that you meet the English language requirement for your specific visa category by taking an approved test or providing evidence of your proficiency.

To avoid refusals, consult the FLR(IR) guidance notes and ensure that you understand the specific requirements for your visa category. If you are unsure about any aspect of your application, consider seeking advice from an immigration expert.

4. Comparison

Comparing FLR(IR) with other FLR forms: FLR(O), FLR(HR), and FLR FP

a. Purpose and Eligibility Criteria

• FLR(HR): The FLR(HR) form is for human rights applications, specifically when an applicant is claiming that requiring them to leave the UK would be a breach of their human rights. These cases often involve complex legal arguments and can be used in situations such as medical grounds or family/private life reasons.
• FLR FP: The FLR FP form is for applications based on family or private life in the UK. This includes applicants who are partners, parents, or dependent children of British citizens or individuals with settled status, as well as those who have lived in the UK for a significant period and established strong connections.
• FLR(O): The FLR(O) form was used for applications for further leave to remain in the UK under various immigration categories that do not fall under the Points-Based System (PBS) or family/private life routes. Categories included ancestry visas, domestic workers, and representatives of overseas businesses.

b. Key Differences

• FLR(IR) is for extending leave to remain under the Immigration Rules, usually for applicants within the PBS or specific work-related categories.
• FLR(O) was for categories that do not fall under the PBS or family/private life routes, such as ancestry visas and domestic workers.
• FLR(HR) is specifically for human rights claims, where removal from the UK would breach the applicant’s human rights.
• FLR FP is for applications based on family or private life in the UK, such as partners or parents of British citizens or individuals with settled status.

c. Situations when one form is more suitable than the others

• FLR(IR) is more suitable for individuals already in the UK on a work-related visa or PBS category, who wish to extend their stay under the same category.
• FLR(O) was more suitable for those who do not fit into the PBS or family/private life categories, but still have a valid reason to extend their stay, such as ancestry visas or domestic workers.
• FLR(HR) should be used by applicants who believe their removal from the UK would breach their human rights and have compelling reasons to remain.
• FLR FP is the most suitable choice for applicants who wish to extend their stay based on family or private life connections in the UK, such as being a partner, parent, or dependent child of a British citizen or a person with settled status.

5. FLR Visa for Students

Student-specific concerns for FLR visa applications

a. Eligibility criteria: FLR visa for students

• The applicant must have a current Tier 4 (General) student visa or a Student visa.
• They must have been offered an unconditional place on a course by a licensed student sponsor.
• The course must be at an appropriate level according to the UK education system.
• They must have enough funds to cover tuition fees and living costs for the duration of their course (maintenance requirements).
• They must meet the English language requirements for their course.

b. Extension Process: FLR visa for students

• Ensure that their current visa is still valid and has not expired.
• Request a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS) from their educational institution.
• Prepare the required documents, including proof of funds, English language proficiency, and academic qualifications.
• Submit the online application form and pay the application fee.
• Attend a biometric appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) center.
• Wait for a decision from the Home Office, which can take several weeks.

c. Common Challenges: FLR visa for students

• Difficulty in proving financial resources: Students may struggle to provide evidence of sufficient funds to cover their tuition fees and living expenses.
• Meeting the English language requirement: Some students may need to take additional tests or courses to meet the required level of English proficiency.
• Delays in obtaining a CAS: Delays in receiving a CAS from their educational institution may cause issues with the timing of their FLR application.
• Timing of the application: Students must submit their application before their current visa expires, but not more than three months before the start of their new course. This can be challenging to manage.
• Changes in immigration rules: Students must keep up-to-date with any changes in the immigration rules, which could affect their eligibility for an extension.

6. Application Process

How to apply for an FLR visa?

1. Determine the correct FLR form: Identify the appropriate FLR form for your specific immigration category (e.g., FLR(IR), FLR(HR), or FLR FP).
2. Review UKVI guidance notes: Download and carefully read the UKVI guidance notes for your specific FLR form to understand the eligibility criteria, required documents, application process, and fees.
3. Gather required documents: Collect all necessary supporting documents, such as proof of income, proof of relationship (if applicable), and any other relevant evidence.
4. Complete the FLR application form: Fill out the FLR form accurately and completely, ensuring that all information provided is consistent with the supporting documents. Pay
5. Pay the application fee: Pay the required application fee for your specific FLR form, which may vary depending on the immigration category and application type (e.g., standard or priority service).
6. Submit the application: Submit your completed FLR application, along with all supporting documents, either online or by post (depending on the specific FLR form and application process).
7. Attend a biometric appointment (if required): Some FLR applications may require you to attend a biometric appointment to have your fingerprints and photograph taken. Make sure to book and attend this appointment if it is required for your application.
8. Wait for a decision: After submitting your application, wait for the UK Home Office to review your application and make a decision. Processing times can vary depending on the immigration category and application type.

7. Tips

How to successfully apply for FLR visa in the UK?

a. Ensuring a complete application with all required documents

To improve your chances of a successful FLR application, ensure that your application is complete and includes all required supporting documents. Double-check the UKVI guidance notes for your specific FLR form to confirm the necessary documentation. Organize your documents in a clear and easy-to-follow manner, and provide certified translations for any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

b. Responding promptly to UKVI enquiries

During the application process, the UKVI may request additional information or clarification. Respond to any enquiries from the UKVI promptly and accurately to avoid delays in processing your application. Keep copies of all correspondence with the UKVI, and make sure your contact information is up-to-date so you can receive any important notifications or requests.

c. Preparing for potential changes to FLR rules and regulations

FLR rules and regulations can change over time, so it’s essential to stay informed about any updates or modifications that may affect your application. Regularly check the UKVI website and the guidance notes for your specific FLR form for any changes to eligibility criteria, fees, or required documents. If you are unsure about any aspects of your application, consider consulting an immigration adviser or solicitor to ensure your application complies with current rules and regulations.

For further details please refer Official UK Government Page for FLR(IR) Application Form.

8. Frequently Asked Questions

UK FLR Forms: Key Points