Further Leave to Remain (FLR) is the immigration application route allowing individuals already in the United Kingdom to extend their stay without leaving the country. The Further Leave to Remain system uses four main application forms: FLR(IR) for work and Immigration Rules routes, FLR(M) for partners and parents under Appendix FM, FLR(FP) for family and private life applications, and FLR(HRO) for human rights and other consolidated routes (replacing the former FLR(HR) and discontinued FLR(O)). Application fees from 8 April 2026 range from £1,048 to £1,407 plus the Immigration Health Surcharge of £1,035 per year of leave granted. Standard processing takes around 8 weeks; priority services from £500–£1,000 deliver faster decisions.
Source: UKVI Further Leave to Remain application guidance; Immigration Rules Appendix FM, Appendix Private Life, and Appendix Skilled Worker; Home Office fees schedule effective 8 April 2026
The Further Leave to Remain framework operates under four main forms in 2026: FLR(IR) for work and Immigration Rules categories; FLR(M) for partners and parents under Appendix FM; FLR(FP) for family and private life routes including the 10-year private life path; and FLR(HRO) for human rights and other consolidated categories. Fee increases from 8 April 2026: standard FLR(M) and FLR(IR) range from £1,048 to over £1,300 depending on route; FLR(HRO) is £1,407. The Immigration Health Surcharge remains £1,035 per year of leave granted (£776 for Health and Care Workers). HC 1691 (laid 5 March 2026) introduces a B2 English settlement standard from 26 March 2027, affecting subsequent ILR applications after FLR — but does not change FLR extension requirements. Section 3C automatic leave protection continues to apply when a valid FLR application is submitted before existing leave expires.
- What is Further Leave to Remain (FLR)?
- Types of FLR Forms in UK — FLR(IR), FLR(M), FLR(FP), FLR(HRO)
- FLR(IR) — Immigration Rules Route Explained
- FLR(M) — Partner, Spouse, Parent under Appendix FM
- FLR(FP) — Family and Private Life Route
- FLR(HRO) — Human Rights and Other Route
- FLR Requirements and Eligibility
- FLR Fees and Processing Times 2026
- How to Apply for Further Leave to Remain
- FLR Refusal Reasons and Recovery Options
- Frequently Asked Questions
Further Leave to Remain UK 2026 — Complete Guide to FLR(IR), FLR(M), FLR(FP), FLR(HRO)
The Further Leave to Remain framework is the principal in-country extension route for non-British nationals already in the UK. Unlike entry clearance applications made from abroad, Further Leave to Remain is submitted while you are physically in the UK and provides automatic Section 3C protection when filed before existing leave expires. The four FLR forms cover distinct routes: work and Immigration Rules use FLR(IR); family Appendix FM uses FLR(M); the 10-year private life and family route uses FLR(FP); human rights and other consolidated categories use FLR(HRO). Selecting the correct form is critical — the wrong FLR form causes refusal or significant delay.
What is Further Leave to Remain (FLR)?
Further Leave to Remain (FLR) is an immigration application made from within the UK to extend or change the basis of your permission to stay. Submitted to UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI), an FLR application allows you to remain lawfully while UKVI decides your case. FLR is distinct from initial entry clearance (made from abroad) and from Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) — the permanent settlement route. FLR typically grants a 2.5-year extension before further extension or ILR.
Further Leave to Remain serves a specific function in the UK immigration system — extending lawful presence without requiring the applicant to leave the UK. This distinguishes FLR from entry clearance applications, which must be made from outside the UK, and from ILR, which grants permanent settlement after qualifying continuous residence. Most FLR routes provide 2.5-year (30-month) extensions, after which applicants either apply for further FLR or progress to ILR if eligible. The 5-year continuous residence requirement for ILR typically means two consecutive FLR extensions on Appendix FM partner routes.
FLR Meaning and Key Terminology
- FLR: Abbreviation for Further Leave to Remain — the umbrella term for in-country extension applications
- Section 3C leave: Automatic extension of existing leave when a valid FLR application is submitted before the visa expires — protects against overstaying while UKVI decides
- Appendix FM: The Immigration Rules section governing family routes including partner, parent, and child applications
- UKVI: UK Visas and Immigration — the Home Office directorate that decides FLR applications
- Biometric enrolment: Mandatory fingerprint and photograph appointment at a UKVCAS service centre after submitting the FLR application
- CEFR Level: Council of Europe Framework — A1 for initial leave, A2 for extension, B1 for ILR (and B2 from 26 March 2027 under HC 1691)
Types of FLR Forms in UK — FLR(IR), FLR(M), FLR(FP), FLR(HRO)
The four current FLR forms in 2026 are: FLR(IR) for work and Immigration Rules categories (Skilled Worker, Tier 1, Representative routes); FLR(M) for partners and parents under Appendix FM; FLR(FP) for the family and private life 10-year route including 20-year long residence; and FLR(HRO) for human rights claims and consolidated other categories. The former FLR(HR) was renamed FLR(HRO) when FLR(O) was discontinued — these merged into a single consolidated form covering human rights and miscellaneous categories.
FLR Form Comparison Table (2026)
| FLR Form | Full Name | Primary Use | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| FLR(IR) | Immigration Rules | Skilled Worker, Tier 1, work visa extensions, representatives | Active |
| FLR(M) | Family Member | Partners, spouses, parents under Appendix FM (5-year route) | Active |
| FLR(FP) | Family and Private Life | 10-year family/private life route, 20-year long residence | Active |
| FLR(HRO) | Human Rights and Other | Article 8 claims, exceptional circumstances, consolidated other | Active (replaced FLR(HR) and FLR(O)) |
| FLR(O) | Other (former) | Previously for miscellaneous categories | Discontinued 2016 — folded into FLR(HRO) |
Choosing the correct FLR form depends on your current immigration category and the basis of your extension. Most applicants fall clearly into one route — partners under Appendix FM use FLR(M); Skilled Worker visa holders use FLR(IR); applicants relying on private life or 10-year family route use FLR(FP); applicants whose extension rests on human rights grounds use FLR(HRO). Some cases overlap (a partner with exceptional Article 8 circumstances might use FLR(M) with human rights submissions, or FLR(HRO) directly). Where the route is unclear, professional immigration advice prevents costly form misclassification.
FLR(IR) — Immigration Rules Route Explained
FLR(IR) is the Further Leave to Remain form for work-based and Immigration Rules route extensions. It covers Skilled Worker sponsored employment extensions, Tier 1 categories (Investor, Exceptional Talent, Innovator/Founder), representatives of overseas businesses, certain Tier 5 Temporary Worker routes, and domestic workers in private households. FLR(IR) does not cover family routes (use FLR(M)) or human rights claims (use FLR(HRO)). The application form follows the same online structure as other FLR forms but requires route-specific evidence.
Who Should Use FLR(IR)?
- Skilled Worker visa holders: Extending with the same sponsor or moving to a new sponsor under Appendix Skilled Worker
- Tier 1 visa holders: Investor (closed to new applicants), Exceptional Talent / Global Talent, Innovator and Founder routes
- Representatives of overseas businesses: Sole representatives extending under the Representative of an Overseas Business route
- Tier 5 Temporary Worker: Senior or Specialist Worker, Charity Worker, Religious Worker, International Agreement, Government Authorised Exchange
- Domestic Workers: Private household and diplomatic domestic workers under Appendix Domestic Worker
- UK Ancestry visa holders: Extending the 5-year UK Ancestry route before ILR application
FLR(IR) applicants must continue to meet all the requirements of their underlying immigration category at the extension stage. Skilled Worker extensions require a valid Certificate of Sponsorship, continued sponsor licence approval, and meeting the going rate for the SOC code plus the £38,700 salary threshold (or applicable lower threshold for Health and Care Worker or new entrants). UK Ancestry extensions require continued evidence of UK-born grandparent and intent to work. For specific FLR(IR) guidance and the application form, see the official FLR(IR) form and Home Office guidance.
FLR(M) — Partner, Spouse, Parent under Appendix FM
FLR(M) is the Further Leave to Remain form for partners, spouses, civil partners, fiancé(e)s, and parents extending under Appendix FM of the Immigration Rules. The route covers the standard 5-year path to settlement — typically two 2.5-year FLR extensions before ILR eligibility. Core requirements: genuine and subsisting relationship; £29,000 minimum income threshold (raised from £18,600 in March 2024); adequate accommodation; English at CEFR A2 for extensions (A1 for initial leave, B1 for ILR). See our UK spouse visa extension under Appendix FM guide for the full evidential framework.
FLR(M) Eligibility Requirements
- Relationship requirement: Genuine and subsisting relationship with British citizen, settled person, or refugee/humanitarian protection holder — evidenced by cohabitation records, joint financial arrangements, and shared correspondence
- Financial requirement: £29,000 minimum gross annual income (raised from £18,600 in March 2024) — met through employment, self-employment, pension, non-employment income, savings, or specified combinations
- Accommodation requirement: Adequate accommodation owned or occupied exclusively without recourse to public funds — typically demonstrated through tenancy agreement or property ownership
- English language requirement: CEFR Level A2 (higher than the A1 required at initial entry) — Secure English Language Test (SELT) certificate from approved provider
- Suitability requirements: No criminal convictions triggering refusal under Part 9; no deception or false information in previous applications
FLR(M) applications submitted under the 5-year Appendix FM partner route lead to ILR after 5 years (typically 30 months initial leave + 30 months FLR(M) extension). Applicants who cannot meet the £29,000 income threshold may fall into the 10-year route under FLR(FP) instead — which extends the path to settlement to 10 years but uses more flexible financial assessment. The choice between 5-year and 10-year route is determined by current circumstances and not by the applicant's preference. For Appendix FM guidance see the Appendix FM family members rules.
FLR(FP) — Family and Private Life Route
FLR(FP) is the Further Leave to Remain form for the 10-year family and private life route. It covers four main categories: the 10-year family route (where the financial or other requirements of the 5-year route cannot be met); the 20-year long residence route to settlement; the 7-year child route (children with 7+ years UK residence); and adults aged 18-25 who have spent more than half their life in the UK. FLR(FP) applicants typically need two further FLR(FP) extensions before ILR after 10 years — see our 10-year private life route guide.
FLR(FP) Categories
- 10-year family route: Partner / parent applicants who cannot meet the 5-year route financial threshold but can meet exceptional circumstances or Article 8 family life standards under Appendix FM EX.1
- 20-year long residence: Continuous residence in the UK for 20 years (lawful or unlawful) leading to settlement under Appendix Private Life
- 7-year child route: Children under 18 who have lived continuously in the UK for at least 7 years where removal would be unreasonable
- Adults aged 18-25: Young adults who have spent more than half their life in the UK by the date of application
- Section 117B(6) cases: Cases where removal would breach Article 8 due to qualifying child relationships
FLR(FP) sits between the 5-year FLR(M) route and the human rights FLR(HRO) route. The 10-year family route is the most common FLR(FP) use case — applicants who established family life in the UK but cannot meet the £29,000 income threshold for the 5-year route. The 10-year path requires four 2.5-year extensions before ILR eligibility, compared to two extensions on the 5-year route. The 20-year long residence route under Appendix Private Life provides settlement after 20 years continuous UK residence regardless of immigration status during that period — though good character requirements apply.
FLR(HRO) — Human Rights and Other Route
FLR(HRO) is the consolidated Further Leave to Remain form for human rights claims and other categories not covered by FLR(IR), FLR(M), or FLR(FP). It replaced the former FLR(HR) (Human Rights only) and absorbed the discontinued FLR(O) (Other). FLR(HRO) is used primarily for Article 8 ECHR claims where standard Immigration Rules cannot be met, Article 3 medical and discretionary grounds, and miscellaneous routes including some Refugee Family Reunion variations. For the full framework, see our FLR(HRO) human rights application guide.
FLR(HRO) applications are typically more complex than other FLR forms. The Home Office applies strict scrutiny to human rights claims, particularly under Article 8 ECHR (right to respect for private and family life). Successful FLR(HRO) applications require detailed evidence of the family or private life relied upon, the consequences of refusal, and why the standard Immigration Rules cannot be met. From 8 April 2026 the FLR(HRO) application fee is £1,407 — higher than other FLR forms reflecting the route's complexity. For Article 3 medical FLR(HRO) claims, the threshold is very high following AM (Zimbabwe) [2020] UKSC 17.
FLR Requirements and Eligibility
General Further Leave to Remain requirements applicable across all FLR forms: hold valid current leave (or apply before existing leave expires for Section 3C protection); meet route-specific eligibility under the Immigration Rules; demonstrate financial maintenance without recourse to public funds; provide adequate documentary evidence; satisfy English language requirements for the route; pass suitability assessment under Part 9 of the Immigration Rules. Route-specific requirements (financial threshold, relationship evidence, sponsor approval) vary significantly between FLR(IR), FLR(M), FLR(FP), and FLR(HRO).
General FLR Eligibility — All Routes
- Current valid leave: You must hold existing permission to stay in the UK at the date of application (or apply within 14 days of expiry where Section 3C does not apply)
- Timely application: Submit before current leave expires to benefit from automatic Section 3C automatic leave extension
- Route-specific criteria: Meet the requirements of the underlying immigration category (Appendix FM for FLR(M), Appendix Skilled Worker for FLR(IR), Appendix Private Life for FLR(FP), Article 8 for FLR(HRO))
- Financial maintenance: Demonstrate ability to support yourself and any dependants without recourse to public funds
- Suitability requirements: Comply with Part 9 general grounds — no relevant criminal convictions, no deception, no breach of conditions in past applications
- English language: CEFR A2 for partner route extensions; B1 for ILR; route-specific levels for work routes (typically B1 or higher)
FLR Fees and Processing Times 2026
Further Leave to Remain application fees from 8 April 2026 range from £1,048 (standard FLR(M) and FLR(IR)) to £1,407 (FLR(HRO)), plus the Immigration Health Surcharge of £1,035 per year of leave granted (£776 for Health and Care Workers). Standard processing takes around 8 weeks from biometric appointment; UK visa priority service at £500 delivers decisions within 5 working days; Super Priority at £1,000 provides next-working-day decisions. Total typical cost for a 2.5-year FLR(M) extension including IHS: approximately £3,635.50 (£1,048 + £2,587.50 IHS).
FLR Fee Schedule (8 April 2026)
| Fee Component | Amount | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| FLR(M) application | £1,048 | Standard 5-year partner route extension |
| FLR(IR) application | £1,048 | Work and Immigration Rules categories |
| FLR(FP) application | £1,048 | 10-year family/private life route |
| FLR(HRO) application | £1,407 | Human rights and other consolidated |
| Immigration Health Surcharge | £1,035/year | £776/year for Health and Care Workers |
| Priority Service | £500 | Decision within 5 working days |
| Super Priority Service | £1,000 | Next working day decision |
| Biometric enrolment | £19.20 | Standard UKVCAS appointment fee |
FLR Processing Times
FLR processing times depend on the service level selected. Standard service takes approximately 8 weeks from biometric appointment for straightforward cases; complex FLR(HRO) cases involving human rights arguments may take longer. Priority Service at £500 delivers decisions within 5 working days for most FLR(M) and FLR(IR) cases. Super Priority Service at £1,000 provides next-working-day decisions where the application is straightforward and biometrics are already enrolled. For detailed processing time analysis by route, see our FLR processing timelines guide.
How to Apply for Further Leave to Remain
To apply for Further Leave to Remain in the UK: (1) identify the correct FLR form for your route (FLR(IR), FLR(M), FLR(FP), or FLR(HRO)); (2) submit the online application on gov.uk before your current leave expires; (3) pay the application fee and Immigration Health Surcharge; (4) upload supporting documents to the UKVCAS portal; (5) book and attend a biometric enrolment appointment at a UKVCAS service centre; (6) await the UKVI decision. Submitting before current leave expires provides automatic Section 3C protection — preventing overstaying while the decision is pending.
- Identify the correct FLR form — FLR(IR), FLR(M), FLR(FP), or FLR(HRO)
- Confirm current leave validity and check eligibility under the route's Immigration Rules
- Gather all required supporting documents (passport, BRP, financial evidence, English certificate)
- Complete the online FLR application on gov.uk
- Pay the application fee, Immigration Health Surcharge, and any priority service fee
- Upload supporting documents to the UKVCAS portal
- Book a biometric enrolment appointment at a UKVCAS service centre
- Attend appointment with original documents and BRP
- Await UKVI decision (8 weeks standard, 5 working days priority, next day super priority)
Documents Required for FLR Applications
- Valid passport: Current passport and any previous passports used to enter the UK
- Biometric Residence Permit (BRP): Your current BRP for the existing leave
- Financial evidence: 6 months of bank statements, payslips, P60, tax returns (for self-employed)
- English language certificate: SELT result at the required CEFR level (A2 for partner extensions, B1 for ILR-stage)
- Accommodation evidence: Tenancy agreement, property ownership documents, or property inspection report
- Relationship evidence (FLR(M)/FLR(FP)): Cohabitation records, joint utility bills, joint correspondence, photographs across the relationship
- Sponsor documents (FLR(IR)): Certificate of Sponsorship reference, employer letter confirming role and salary
- English translations: Certified translations of any non-English documents
FLR Refusal Reasons and Recovery Options
FLR application refusals typically involve insufficient financial evidence, failure to meet the English language requirement, inadequate relationship evidence (for family routes), missing documentation, or applying after current leave has expired. Recovery options depend on the route: FLR(M) and FLR(FP) refusals carry First-tier Tribunal appeal rights on human rights grounds; FLR(IR) refusals typically go to administrative review (£80, no new evidence); FLR(HRO) refusals carry full tribunal appeal rights. A fresh application is often viable if the original refusal reasons can be addressed — see our reapplication and refusal recovery options guide.
Most Common FLR Refusal Reasons
- Insufficient financial evidence: Bank statements not covering the required 6-month period; specified evidence format not followed; income calculation errors
- English language failure: Test result expired, not from approved provider, or below the required CEFR level
- Relationship evidence insufficient: Inadequate proof of cohabitation, joint finances, or genuine and subsisting nature of the relationship
- Application after leave expired: Submitting beyond the 14-day grace period without good reason — leads to refusal as overstayer
- Missing core documents: No passport biographical page, no BRP, no English certificate, no financial evidence
- Suitability ground refusals: Criminal convictions triggering Part 9 mandatory or discretionary refusal; prior deception
- Wrong FLR form selected: Applying on FLR(M) when route requires FLR(FP), or vice versa
For underlying refusal grounds analysis covering all UK visa categories, see our common refusal grounds guide. The decision between administrative review, tribunal appeal, fresh application, or judicial review depends on the specific refusal reasons, the route used, and whether new evidence is available.
- Further Leave to Remain (FLR) is the in-country application route for extending UK permission to stay
- Four current FLR forms: FLR(IR) work routes, FLR(M) family Appendix FM, FLR(FP) family/private life 10-year, FLR(HRO) human rights and other consolidated
- FLR(HRO) replaced the former FLR(HR) when FLR(O) was discontinued — now a single consolidated form
- Section 3C automatic leave extension applies when a valid FLR application is submitted before existing leave expires
- FLR application fees from 8 April 2026: £1,048 standard FLR(M)/FLR(IR)/FLR(FP); £1,407 FLR(HRO)
- Immigration Health Surcharge: £1,035 per year of leave (£776 for Health and Care Workers)
- Standard processing: 8 weeks; Priority Service £500 (5 working days); Super Priority £1,000 (next working day)
- FLR(M) requires £29,000 minimum income, A2 English, genuine and subsisting relationship, adequate accommodation
- FLR(FP) covers the 10-year route — for applicants who cannot meet the 5-year FLR(M) financial requirement
- HC 1691 introduces B2 settlement English standard from 26 March 2027 — affects post-FLR ILR applications
Frequently Asked Questions About Further Leave to Remain
Further Leave to Remain (FLR) is an immigration application made from within the UK to extend or change the basis of your permission to stay. FLR is submitted to UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) while you are physically in the UK — distinct from entry clearance applications made from abroad and from Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) which grants permanent settlement. FLR typically extends permission for 2.5 years before further extension or ILR. The four current forms are FLR(IR), FLR(M), FLR(FP), and FLR(HRO) — each for different route categories.
FLR stands for Further Leave to Remain. It is the standard Home Office term for in-country applications to extend permission to stay in the United Kingdom. The term distinguishes these extension applications from initial entry clearance applications made from outside the UK and from Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) which grants permanent settlement rights. The full term "Further Leave to Remain" appears throughout Immigration Rules and Home Office caseworker guidance; "FLR" is the standard abbreviation used in form names like FLR(IR), FLR(M), FLR(FP), and FLR(HRO).
The four current FLR forms are: FLR(IR) for work visas and Immigration Rules categories including Skilled Worker, Tier 1, and Representative routes; FLR(M) for partners, spouses, civil partners, and parents under Appendix FM family routes; FLR(FP) for the 10-year family and private life route plus 20-year long residence; and FLR(HRO) for human rights claims and other consolidated categories (replacing the former FLR(HR) and discontinued FLR(O)). FLR(O) was discontinued in 2016 — its categories folded into FLR(HRO) when that consolidated form was introduced.
FLR(IR) and FLR(M) cover different routes. FLR(IR) is for work-based extensions including Skilled Worker visa, Tier 1 categories (Investor, Global Talent, Innovator), representatives of overseas businesses, certain Temporary Worker categories, and UK Ancestry. FLR(M) is specifically for family route extensions under Appendix FM — partners, spouses, civil partners, fiancé(e)s, and parents of British or settled persons. FLR(M) requires meeting the £29,000 income threshold, A2 English, genuine relationship evidence, and adequate accommodation. FLR(IR) requirements depend on the underlying work route.
From 8 April 2026, Further Leave to Remain application fees are: FLR(M), FLR(IR), and FLR(FP) £1,048; FLR(HRO) £1,407. Additionally, applicants pay the Immigration Health Surcharge of £1,035 per year of leave granted (£776 for Health and Care Workers). Priority Service costs an extra £500 for a decision within 5 working days; Super Priority £1,000 for next working day decisions. Total cost for a 2.5-year FLR(M) extension including IHS: approximately £3,635.50 (£1,048 application fee plus £2,587.50 IHS for 2.5 years).
Standard FLR processing takes approximately 8 weeks from the biometric enrolment appointment. Priority Service at £500 delivers a decision within 5 working days. Super Priority Service at £1,000 provides next working day decisions for straightforward cases. Complex FLR(HRO) human rights cases may take longer than standard service. Section 3C automatic leave extension means your current permission continues throughout the decision period — you remain lawfully in the UK while waiting, provided your FLR application was submitted before existing leave expired.
Applying for Further Leave to Remain after your existing visa has expired is generally refused unless there is a good reason for the late application made within 14 days of expiry. Submitting before expiry triggers automatic Section 3C leave protection — your existing leave is extended until UKVI decides. Submitting after expiry without good reason means you are an overstayer at the date of application, which typically leads to refusal under Part 9 general grounds. The 14-day grace period applies only where the delay was beyond your control — illness, postal delay, or UKVCAS appointment unavailability.
Students typically extend their stay through the Student visa route (under Appendix Student) rather than FLR forms. However, students may use FLR forms when switching to a different immigration category — for example, switching to a family route (FLR(M)) after marrying a British citizen; switching to a work route (FLR(IR)) after obtaining a Skilled Worker sponsorship; or making a private life claim (FLR(FP)) where eligible. The specific FLR form depends on the route being switched to, and switching requires meeting the new route's full requirements.
If your Further Leave to Remain application is refused, your options depend on the route and refusal reasons. FLR(M) and FLR(FP) refusals typically carry First-tier Tribunal appeal rights on human rights grounds. FLR(IR) refusals usually go to administrative review (£80, considers only existing evidence). FLR(HRO) refusals carry full tribunal appeal rights. A fresh FLR application is often viable if the original refusal reasons can be addressed with new evidence. Your refusal letter specifies your options and applicable deadlines. Section 3C leave ends 14 days after a refusal decision is served — making prompt action essential.
Most Further Leave to Remain extensions grant 2.5 years (30 months) of leave. On the 5-year FLR(M) partner route, applicants typically receive 2.5 years initial leave plus a 2.5-year FLR(M) extension before becoming eligible for ILR. On the 10-year FLR(FP) route, four 2.5-year extensions are required before ILR. FLR(IR) work route durations vary by underlying category — Skilled Worker can be up to 5 years per extension. The standard 2.5-year length aligns with the typical qualifying periods for settlement under each route.
For official Further Leave to Remain guidance, see the Immigration Rules — particularly Appendix FM (family routes), Appendix Skilled Worker, Appendix Private Life, and Part 9 general grounds for refusal. The Appendix FM family members rules govern FLR(M) and partner-route FLR(FP) applications. For FLR(IR) work-route extensions, see the official FLR(IR) form and Home Office guidance. For the FLR(M) family route application form and detailed evidential framework, see the FLR(M) form and accompanying caseworker guidance.